The Causes of a Windows XP Installation Failure

Improper Installation
The most common cause of Windows XP installation failure is improper installation of the operating system. Installing Windows XP is a detailed process with many steps that must be completed in a specific order to properly install the operating system. Microsoft says you need to have a keyboard, mouse, monitor and CD drive to complete the installation so make sure all four of those components are available (see 'Resources' for detailed installation instructions).
Bad Disc
During installation you may get an error message that reads 'Fatal Error: An error has been encountered that prevents setup from continuing. One of the components that Windows needs to continue setup could not be installed. Press OK to view the setup log file.' This message means that Windows XP setup cannot read your installation disc. If the disc is dirty you may be able to clean it by gently wiping it down with a fine wet cloth. If the problem persists you may need to get a new installation disc.
Hardware Conflict
Many of the error messages encountered while installing Windows XP can be attributed to a conflict with your computer's hardware. Unfortunately, as the problems are many, there's no one solution that's a sure fix. Some of the most common hardware conflicts come from mass storage devices. This could be an incompatible hard drive, motherboard or any number of other components. It may also be as simple as a connected USB device so if anything is plugged into one of your computer's USB ports, unplug it before trying again.
Software Conflict
Many times, drivers and other software components can cause a Windows XP installation to fail. According to Microsoft, when this happens you'll commonly experience your computer freezing or hanging during the 'Setup is Starting Windows' screen. Microsoft suggests updating hardware drivers before attempting the install again. Another possible problem is an outdated BIOS. The BIOS controls some of the basic functions of your PC and is, therefore, a crucial component that must be working properly. You can get an updated BIOS by visiting your computer manufacturer's website.
Microsoft Support
There are many other reasons why Windows XP may not install properly that aren't covered here. You can, however, find much more detailed information on your specific problem by visiting Microsoft's support website (see 'Resources'). Though some versions of XP are no longer officially supported by Microsoft, the website still has many troubleshooting tips for the installation of Windows XP.